Atomizing kerosene-burner



No. 624,682. Patented May 9, I899. N. A. RANSOM & J. FBUEH. A'TONIIZING KEBDSENE BURNER.

(No Model.)

2 SheetsShee't l.

No. 624,682. Patented May 9, I899. N. A. RANSUM &. J. FBUEH. ATOMIZING KEBUSENE BURNER.

(Application filed Aug. 15, 1898.) v (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L m M valve.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NEWMAN A. RANSOlWI AND JACOB FRUEH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ATOMIZING KEROSEN E-BURNER.

srnc'rrmmmn formingart of Letters Patent No. 624,682, dated May 9, 1899.

Application filed August 15; l898. Serial No. 688,613. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, NEWMAN A. RANSOM and JACOB FRUEH, citizens of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Atom.- izing Kerosene-Burners; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to improvements in devices for burning kerosene-oil for generating heat to be utilized in various mechanical arts, the particular embodiment of the in-.

vention adopted for the purpose of illustration being a furnace adapted for heating the vessels containing the molten metal in typecasting machines or machines for casting small soft-metal articles and in which a steady long periods.

a burner which will be economical in the .even heat must be maintained for relatively V 1 pressure in the tank, so as to secure any de- The invention has for its object to produce j amount of kerosene and power required for its maintenance and which will without at tendance, after having been properly set, maintain a steady, strong, and even heat for a period gaged only by the supply of oil and air under pressure for atomizing the same.

The invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts and in certain novel details of construction, all as will be now described, and pointed out particularly in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View illustrating a plant with a single furnace or burner and embodying our present improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective View, on an enlarged scale, of the burner or furnace alone. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken in a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the needle- Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken at right angles to Fig. 3 through the air inlet or supply pipe. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken in a horizontal plane through the stack or combustion-chamber and looking doWn- Wardly.

Like letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

A plant forcarrying the present invention into practice embraces a means for supplying air under pressure and in quantities sufficient for the number of burners employed, a kerosene-oil-supply tank and a burner or series 'of burners located in proximity to the point Where the heat is to be utilized, and referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings it will be seen that there is represented, diagrammatically, a simple arrangement of plant embodying a compressor A, preferably of the double-cylinder type, a kerosene-supply tank B, with which one of the compressor-cylinders is in communication through a pipe I), a second compressor air-reservoir O in communication with the other cylinder of the compressor through a pipe 0, and pipes b and 0, connecting the said reservoirs, respectively, with the burners. Each of the tanks should be provided with a gage B and O for indicating the pressure therein and safety-valves B and-C which may be set to regulate the sired steady differentialpressure or a uniform pressure, as occasion may require. The desirability'of this will be'understood when it is explained that in many localities the kerosene-supply tankis required to be located be low the level of the burn-ersin order that there may be no leakage should the burners become accidentally extinguished or the controlling-cocks left turned on when the plant is not in operation, .and in order to overcome this difference in level it may be necessary to supply a greater pressure in the kerosenetankthan would be the case where said tank can be located on a level with the burners, and, in fact, where said tank may be located above the level of the burners the gravity of the liquid may be used for producing the pressure and the air-pressure used solely for atomizing, as will be presently explained; but an air-pressure of fifteen pounds to the square inch is required, and hence the elevation of the tank would haveto be very great, inasmuch as the oil-pressure should be greater than the air-pressure. In addition the kerosene-tank is also preferably supplied with an ordinary gage-glass, such as B for indicating the quantity of kerosene contained therein at any desired moment.

' The burners consist, essentially, of a frame work or base of any particular design-such, for instance, as that indicated at Dand adapted to support the atomizing devices and burner proper, together with the pipe connections. The body E of the atomizer proper is provided With an exit-aperture e,through which the atomized combustible product is discharged, preferably in a vertical direction and into a combustion-chamber or cylindrical stack F, by which the heat from the combustion is directed against or into proximity to any desired object to be heated. The stack F is preferably provided with baflie-bars or equivalents f within it for interrupting the spray of combustible materialand insuring a vaporization and combustion thereof, while at the bottom an aperture or apertures is left for the entry of a certain quantity of external air, Which is necessary to secure proper combustion. In the preferredarrangement the bottom plate ofthe stack orcombustion-chamber (lettered F) is perforated and the perforations are adapted to register with corresponding perforations in a plate E on the fitting E, and the supply of air may be regulated by turning either the plate E or the stack or combustion-chamber, as found most convenient or desirable, or an intermediate damper-plate is introduced, as indicated bythe dotted lines E in order to secure the same object. A needle-valve G enters a cha1nber E in the fitting E, communicating with the aperture e, which needle-valve G controls the supply of liquid kerosene to the said chamber, the kerosene-supply pipe 1) opening into an extension H of the fitting E back of thenecdle-valve G. The air-supply pipe 0' communicates directly with the chamber E and each of the pipes b and c is provided with a stop-cock b and 0 respectively, for cutting off completely the supply of kerosene and compressed air to the burners and enabling any one of a series of burners to be thrown out of action, as desired.-

In the burning of kerosene by atomizing and discharging the product into a combustion-chamber great difficulty has been experienced in securing a proper com mingling of the air and kerosene, so as to prevent back pressure in the kerosene-supply pipe and a steady uniform flame which may be maintained for long periods of time, and after a long series of costly experiments we have discovered that the desired results can be obtained by forming the chamber E in the fitting E and extending the said chamber up to or above the point of entry of the needlevalve or kerosene-supply, while the air pressure or supply is admitted at a point below the kerosenesupply, both these supplies,

however, entering a chamber which is of larger diameter than the exit-aperture of the burner. die-valve G may be set to admit just the right quantity of kerosene into the chamber E, which kerosene, being admitted in a fine stream, meets the volume of air under pres- WVith such an arrangement the 11ee-' sure in the chamber E and both together are discharged through the reduced atomizer-orifice 6 into the stack or combustion-chamber, where they are ignited and the final combustion takes place. By regulating the quantity of air admitted to the stack or combustionchamber and the pressure in the atomizing air-suppl y, together with the pressure on the kerosene-supply, it is found that a practically perfect combustion may be secured.

When the burner is in operation, the heat of the walls of the combustion-chamber or stack materially aids in an instantaneous volatilization of the atomized combustible product, producing in the final combustion an intense heat at a very slight cost and with the use of a minimum quantity of kerosene and at a minimum air-pressure for atomizin g purposes, the result being that the apparatus may be run to heat large quantities of material-.type-metal, for instance-and at a desired point in a plant with the greatest economy.

Obviously where the height of the kerosenesupply tank is immaterial air-pressure may be supplied thereto and the said tank, above the kerosene, be connected directly with the air supply atomizing the kerosene at the burner through a pressure-reducing valve; but in the preferred arrangement separate supplies for the compressed air are provided for the reasons hereinbefore pointed out.

It will be noted that in the present apparatus it is not intended that the combustible product shall be gasified in the passage conducting it to the exit-orifice, and hence in this respect the present form of burner differs from those burners wherein the fuel or hydrocarbon is led through relatively small and tortuous passages in proximity to the point of combustion in order that they may be vap orized by heat or gasified before reaching the exiteaperture of the burner, and as a further consequence the liability of the passages becoming clogged by the accumulations of carbon or other deposit from the gaseous product is entirely avoided, a result which is quite a factor where the burner is intended to run for long periods of time without attendance or change of adjustment.

The frame for supporting the working parts of the burner is provided with a standard K, extending upwardly above the level of the atomizer proper, and upon its upper end this standard carries a horizontally-arranged ring or bracket L. The stack or combustion-chamber E, which is preferably, though not necessarily, cylindrical in cross -section, is supported in this ring and preferably rests upon the plate E at the lower end, the arrangement. being such that the stack or combustion-chamber may be readily removedfor the purposes of renewal or repair, as occasion requires.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is---- 1. In an atomizing kerosene-burner, the combination with a fitting having an exit-aperture and an air-pressure supply pipe communicating with said fitting, of a kerosenesupply pipe opening through a relatively small atomizing-aperture into said fitting at a point removed from but in proximity to the discharge-aperture; substantially as described.

2. In an atomizing kerosene-burner, the combination with a fitting having an exit-aperture and an air-pressure-supply pipe communicating with said fitting, of a kerosenesupply pipe and a needle-valve controlling the communication between said kerosenesupplypipe and the fitting at a point in proximity to but slightlyremoved from the dischargeor mouth ofthe exit-aperture; substantially as described.

3. In an atomizing kerosene-burner, the combination with a fitting having a dischargeaperture, independent kerosene and air-pressure supply pipes communicating with said fitting at points within the fitting with a reduced entrance aperture for the kerosene, whereby the kerosene and air are commingled before they are discharged, of a stack or combustion-chamber surrounding said dischargeaperture and into which the commingled kerosene and air is discharged; substantially as described.

4. In an atomizing kerosene-burner, the combination with a fitting having a discharge aperture, independent kerosene and air-pressure supply pipes communicating with said fitting at points within the fitting with a needle valve controlling the kerosene supply whereby the kerosene and air are commingled before they are discharged, of a stack or combustion-chamber surrounding said dischargeaperture and into which the commingled kerosene and air is discharged, with an air-entrance aperture at the base of said stack or combustion-chamber for the admission of external air; substantially as described.

5. In an atomizing keroseneburner, the

combination with a fitting having a dischargeaperture, independent kerosene and air-pres sure supply pipes communicating with said fitting at points within the fitting with a needle-valve controlling the kerosene supply, whereby the kerosene and air are commingled before they are discharged, of a stack or combustion-chamber surrounding said dischargeaperture and into which the commingled kerosene and air is discharged and an adjustable air-entrance aperture at the base of said stack -or combustion-chamber; substantially as de-' scribed.

6. In an atomizing keroseneburner, the combination with a fitting having a relatively small discharge-aperture, a chamber of larger diameter from which said aperture leads and an air-pressure-supply pipe entering said chamber with means for supplying air under pressure thereto, of a kerosene-supply and a needle-valve controlling communication be tween said kerosene-supply and said chamber, entering the chamber at a point above the point of entry of the air-supply pipe and a stack or combustion-chamber into which the commingled products are discharged through the exit-aperture; substantially as described. 7. In an atomizing kerosene burner the combination with a fitting having an internal chamber and exit-aperture with a stack or 

